Hidden Tropical Pacific Sea Surface Temperature States Reveal Global Predictability for Monthly Precipitation for Sub‐Season to Annual Scales

A Statistical Analysis of Global Inter-Annual Climate Anomalies in Monthly Sea Surface Temperature Records

Warm and cold deviations from the annual sea surface temperature climate in the eastern tropical Pacific have a wide significance. Numerous reports have examined connections between these so-called El-Nino and La-Nina events and anomalies in local climate in areas well removed from eastern extra-tropical Pacific. The analysis of climate anomalies is statistical in nature. We consider a global d...

A model of the tropical Pacific sea surface temperature climatology

A model for the climatological mean sea surface temperature (SST) of the tropical Pacific Ocean is developed. The upper ocean response is computed using a time dependent, linear, reduced gravity model, with the addition of a constant depth frictional surface layer. The full three-dimensional temperature equation and a surface heat flux parameterization that requires pecification ofonly wind spe...

Hydroclimatic teleconnection between global sea surface temperature and rainfall over India at subdivisional monthly scale

It is well established that sea surface temperature (SST) plays a significant role in the hydrologic cycle in which precipitation is the most important part. In this study, the influence of SST on Indian subdivisional monthly rainfall is investigated. Both spatial and temporal influences are investigated. The most influencing regions of sea surface are identified for different subdivisions and ...

Tropical Pacific Sea-Surface Temperatures and Preceding Sea Level Pressure Anomalies in the Subtropical North Pacific

El Niño-like pattern in ice age tropical Pacific sea surface temperature.

Sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the cold tongue of the eastern equatorial Pacific exert powerful controls on global atmospheric circulation patterns. We examined climate variability in this region from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the present, using a SST record reconstructed from magnesium/calcium ratios in foraminifera from sea-floor sediments near the Galápagos Islands. Cold-tongue S...